Krishna Venta and the WKFL Fountain of the World

Krishna Venta (nee Francis Pencovic), founder of WKFL Fountain of the World

The Guru was a long-haired, bearded, strangely charismatic ex-con who had declared himself the Messiah.

The Guru’s disciples were lost people seeking meaning and purpose in their lives. They followed him into the mountains above Los Angeles’ San Fernando Valley, where they lived communally in a sandstone-pitted canyon, grew their hair long, walked around in bare feet, and subsisted on a simple diet.

The Guru taught his followers that modern American society was hopelessly corrupt and doomed to extinction. There would be a terrible war between Whites and Blacks, he said, which would destroy the nation. But he knew of a secret place in the desert where he and his flock could escape to, and wait out the cataclysm. Then they would emerge and create a new civilization.

The Guru had big dreams. Although he was a Holy Man, he also sought fame and money. But his attempts to break into media stardom bore little fruit – he was just a little too weird to win mass acceptance, even in Southern California. So he retreated to his little flock, where his acolytes – especially the women – read his word as law, and dutifully followed his commands.

And then, suddenly, it all exploded, in a firestorm of violence that claimed ten lives and sent shockwaves throughout the Southland. “California cults” would never be seen with the same innocent bemusement as before.

The Guru’s name was Krishna Venta, and his cult, the WKFL Fountain of the World, met its bloody apocalypse in 1958 – over a decade before a far more famous bearded, ex-con, self-proclaimed Messiah would terrorize the Southland.

Not much is known about the early life of the man who would later call himself Krishna Venta. Public records show that he was born Francis Herman Pencovic in San Francisco, on March 29, 1911, to Russian-Jewish immigrant Albert Pencovic and his wife, former Utahn Maude Busenbach. After graduating high school in Elko, Nevada, the young Pencovic spent his young adulthood roaming across Depression-era America, working at odd jobs. Marrying in 1937, Pencovic fathered two children, but divorced in 1944, and then spent a short stint in the Army.

Pencovic also acquired a considerable criminal record. Between 1930 and 1942, he was arrested for crimes ranging from burglary, to petty larceny, to violations of the Mann act, in cities from Miami to Little Rock to Los Angeles. In 1941 he was busted for writing threatening letters to President Roosevelt; one year after that, he did a nine-month jail stretch at Santa Paula for passing bad checks. Later, he added a one-month stay at the California State Mental Hospital to his checkered personal history.

Around 1946, the peripatetic Pencovic began showing the first signs of incipient guru-dom. After spending some time in Salt Lake City, where he met his second wife, Ruth, he became fascinated by the Mormon religion, especially its doctrine regarding the “Melchizedek Priesthood” – the ancient order that Latter-Day Saints scripture said had originated with Adam, been conferred on the great Biblical patriarchs, and been restored in modern times by Joseph Smith. Pencovic started telling anyone who would listen that he had received the Melchizedek ordination through a being called “Christ Everlasting,” and now hosted this being in his body.

This entity, he would later say in his talks and writings, first arrived on Earth about 100,000 years ago, along with 24 rocket ships filled with refugees from the Planet Euphrates. These were the original human beings, migrating from their doomed planet under the leadership of “Ademus,” the original “Christ.” Ademus established the Order of Melchizedek – the divine plan for the human race in its new home, which would exist so long as its doctrine was kept pure and applied selflessly. He granted Adam, his most loyal follower, this priesthood, and married him to his own daughter Eve. The pair became the first humans living under this sacred rule.

Of course, any reading of Genesis reveals how well that arrangement worked. Nevertheless, the Order of Melchizedek was reestablished first with Enoch, and then again with Methuseleh, Noah, Abraham, Moses and Elijah. Each time the Order either died with the man who held it, or degenerated into corruption and misuse.

Pencovic said that the man called Jesus became the apotheosis of the Order – the Christ fully realized in human form. But his most important teachings were suppressed by the Romans for three centuries, until Jesus appeared to the Emperor Constantine and authorized him to revive the Order, taking care that the ancient doctrines would be preserved in their entirety. The Order lasted in the West until the Fourth Crusade of 1199, when marauding Crusader armies sacked the Constantinople library and destroyed documents containing the key Melchizedek teachings.

In India, the Christ appeared in the form of Krishna, and tried to set up the Order there, but the East was too insular to properly transmit the doctrines to the rest of the world. Centuries later, the Christ appeared in America to both Abraham Lincoln and Joseph Smith, inspiring them respectively to end slavery, and reestablish the Melchizedek Order through the Mormon priesthood. Sadly, both men were killed before they could fully accomplish their missions, and their successors once again perverted and distorted the sacred charges.

Portrait of Krishna Venta by Ruben Lackstrom

 And now, in postwar America, the Christ had returned once more to revive the Order. He was hosted in the body of Francis Pencovic, who now called himself Krishna Venta, in emulation of the Christ’s Eastern persona. Tall, blue-eyed, and aquiline-faced, Krishna grew his hair and beard out to fully embody his Messianic image, and began to walk barefoot in all weather while clad in a simple robe.

Krishna Venta warned listeners that humanity faced a terrible cataclysm. The Gog and Magog of modern worldly materialism – the Capitalist West and Communist East – were playing a deadly game of chicken with nuclear warheads, he said. And America, which had too long oppressed its peoples of color, would soon be consumed in a Soviet-instigated and –aided race war. The nation, and civilization itself, were doomed.

Krishna’s mission was to gather 144,000 followers – the number of elect mentioned in the Book of Revelation – by 1965, and lead them to a secret desert valley where they would wait out the tumultuous events of the coming years. When the dust settled, they would emerge from hiding, and found a new civilization that adhered strictly to the ancient Melchizedek code.

In 1948, Krishna Venta formed the WKFL Fountain of the World to organize the small group of followers he’d acquired. The group’s initials stood for Wisdom, Knowledge, Faith and Love, and it proffered a simple set of goals to guide its members in their daily lives:

1. To forget the outside world.  (Jealousy, greed, superstition, hatred, condemnation, etc., are of the world, and are not to be brought in or to manifest in the W.K.F.L. Fountain of the World.)
2. To become familiar with the inside workings of one’s self.  (Know thyself, and become a good care-taker of this physical body or temple in which you express and over which you are the care-taker.)
3. To become unified with one another spiritually, mentally, and physically.  (Get along with one another.  Have a purpose in life.)
4. To forget self.  (Do good for goodness’ sake and forget selfish desires.)
5. To create a desire within one’s self toward higher spiritual equality.  (As good as you are, try to be better.)
6. To obtain wisdom.  (Search for Truth.  Keep an open mind.)
7. To search for understanding in all things.
8. To face problems without thought of escape.
9. To become absorbed in love toward all things, seen and unseen, and so fulfill the laws of God.  (An inevitable result of fully living the preceding rules.)
10. To let the Spirit descend upon you.  (Let the Spirit of Good be the light that guides your life.)
11. To become teachers, not in the world, but in the Fountain, that all men who come out of the world shall find comfort in our midst.  (The greatest reward available to man in mortality is Peace of Mind.)

The entrance to the WKFL compound in Box Canyon

The Foundation settled on a 23-acre plot in Box Canyon, a brushy, sandstone-crested glen in the Santa Susana Mountains, 25 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles. At first, they lived in tents and huts, but eventually built a small colony of buildings to house the sect’s brothers and sisters.

Visitors were always welcome at the Fountain, and were allowed to stay for three days. Potential members spent three months on the property as probationers; if they were approved for full membership, they turned over their worldly goods to the sect, donned robes as their daily costume, gave up footwear, and vowed not to cut their hair (or in the men’s cases, their beards) until peace was established on earth, and all peoples lived in harmony.

Wedding of WKFL members "Brother Alan" and "Sister Barbara".

 Although marriages were recognized and performed by the group, they were “spiritual” in nature, and nuptial ceremonies were only celebrated on Krishna Venta’s birthday – March 29^th. Married couples and singles alike remained chaste, the sexes lived in segregated quarters, and children were raised communally. And as with so many other California cults, they followed a mostly-vegetarian diet, even though they raised goats and sheep on the land.

Krishna Venta’s followers quickly gained a reputation in Southern California as dedicated – if odd-looking – humanitarians.  When brush fires broke out in the dry, windswept mountains, the robed, barefoot, bearded and long-haired WKFL Brothers battled the flames alongside professional firefighters. When a Standard Airlines C-46 crashed in the hills above Simi Valley on July 12, 1949, Krishna and his people helped carry out dozens of charred corpses from the wreckage, and tended to the survivors. The Brothers and Sisters also provided aid and shelter to disaster victims and battered women, and ran a food bank and a rehab center on the Fountain grounds.

Brothers and Sisters of the WKFL

 The good works earned Krishna Venta and the Fountain tons of sympathetic press. Look Magazine did a four-page spread on the group, titled “California’s Offbeat Religions: We Love You,” which featured photos of Foundation stalwart “Bishop Mary” performing an improvisational dance, and a picture  of Krishna and his followers holding candles in the dark, their faces eerily shadowed. Other newspapers and magazines focused on the group’s firefighting efforts, or on the odd fact that during them, Krishna often slept in his station wagon alongside a nubile Sister (he explained that he did this to regain strength and body warmth after the hard, dangerous work). But none of the stories failed to mention the cultists’ robes, long hair and beards – the hippie era was still many years away, and the sheer weirdness of the Fountain folks’ appearance made great copy in the era of crew-cuts and grey flannel suits.

New York Times ad for a series of Krishna Venta lectures
in Manhattan during October 1954.

Krishna himself lapped up the publicity, but wasn’t always around to enjoy it. He spent much of his ten-year reign as Fountain leader on the road, spreading his teachings and seeking converts. On a trip to Europe in 1949, he tried to meet with both Pope Paul XII and King George VI of England – although rebuffed both times, a British newsreel caught the bearded, be-robed guru chatting with Bobbies outside Buckingham Palace, and strolling through Hyde Park with wife Ruth and some bemused English commoners. When he returned to L.A. from the junket, Krishna greeted the assembled press at the airport with the words, “I may as well say it. I am Christ! I am the new Messiah.”

Krishna Venta, "crucified" by his followers.

Several years later, Krishna Venta and five Fountain members turned heads in the U.S. Senate when they sat in on the Joe McCarthy-Army hearings. (The guru disliked the Wisconsin senator, and believed that he was one of the “three Joes [that] have been causing all the trouble” in the world, the others being Joe Stalin and Tojo.)  Krishna also outraged Southern California’s orthodox religious leaders when he performed an Easter Passion play where, clad in a loincloth and dripping fake blood, he hung from an improvised cross atop a hill near the Fountain as an amplified recording of Jesus’ last words echoed through the canyon.  And he further scandalized the spiritual world when he traveled to Las Vegas, had his picture taken with famed gambler Nick the Greek, and then dropped nearly $3,000 at the craps tables.

Krishna Venta’s most embarrassing public episode came in 1956. That year, he was arrested and jailed in Oakland for non-payment of child support; apparently, he hadn’t sent his fist wife a dime since his stint in the Army twelve years earlier, and had ignored her many entreaties for money, claiming that his role as Barefoot Holy Man made him exempt from such worldly trivialities as court orders. After the arrest, his followers dutifully picketed the jail, holding signs that said that the deified deadbeat-dad was being “Persecuted for lifelong devotion to God.” Eventually the case went to the State Supreme Court, which ruled against him in Pencovic v. Pencovic (1955) -- now considered a definitive precedent in cases where spouses attempt to evade child support or alimony by joining religious sects.

WKFL members demonstrate during Krishna Venta's imprisonment

Despite the loads of publicity – positive and otherwise – Krishna Venta enjoyed, the Fountain never attracted very many disciples. Krishna tried to exploit pre-statehood Alaska’s homesteading laws by establishing a satellite settlement in the bush country near Homer, but it never grew to more than 120 residents. The Box Canyon community itself boasted fewer than 60 full-time occupants, including children. Ultimately, the Fountain followers’ strange appearance, Spartan lifestyle, and dedication to an eccentric and maverick Messiah were just too extreme for all but the most selfless seekers. Southern California hosted plenty of far less demanding sects and cults, and most prospective disciples sought enlightenment elsewhere.

By late 1958, big trouble was brewing in Box Canyon. Two Fountain members – Peter Kamenoff, AKA Brother Elzibah, and Ralph Muller, AKA Brother Jeroham – were seriously disgruntled with Krishna Venta. So much so, that on December 8^th, they met in Los Angeles with James H. Mulvey, an investigator for the California District Attorney. The two cultists told Mulvey that their guru was misappropriating Fountain funds, gambling in Las Vegas with the life savings his dedicated followers had entrusted to him. They also said he was also practicing medicine without a license, and endangering the lives of cult members with quack treatments. And they claimed he was carrying on illicit affairs with Fountain women, including their own wives and several underage girls.

WKFL suicide bomber Peter "Brother Elzibah" Kamenoff

 Kamenoff and Muller told Mulvey that they wanted the D.A. to help them get their wives and funds out of Krishna Venta’s clutches. To that end, they volunteered to try to get a confession of wrongdoing from the cult leader. Mulvey told the two that the State was actively investigating Krishna, and would welcome any additional evidence they could gather. When Kamenoff and Muller closed the meeting by saying Krishna needed to be “eliminated” for his crimes, Mulvey figured the men were planning to give the guru an earful about his doings, and then ease him out of Fountain leadership with the aid of the State.

But the investigator had badly misjudged the men’s impatience with the legal system, and their rage at Krishna Venta. The next night, Kamenoff and Muller made a two-hour audio tape listing the cult leader’s crimes, and swearing vengeance against him. Although the tape and the transcript mysteriously disappeared from the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s archives years ago, one ominous passage by Ralph Muller from near the end of the recording survives:

 Dear God, give us this night freedom or death...within the next three or four hours we will get into the pickup truck, drive to Box Canyon, see Krishna...and demand a right adjustment be made...We have dedicated our lives to this mission and whatever may come, this may be our last night in the world.

On the morning of December 10^th, 1958, Kamenoff and Muller drove into Box Canyon, parked on the Fountain grounds, and demanded to see Krishna Venta. When the guru emerged from the cult’s administration building and confronted his accusers, Muller produced a flight bag containing twenty sticks of dynamite, and detonated the charge.

Aftermath of the WKFL suicide-bombing. Ten people,
including the two bombers and Krishna Venta, lost their lives.

 The blast leveled the two-story building with a report that could be heard twenty miles away. Krishna Venta, the two bombers, and seven other people were killed instantly in the explosion, which also touched off a fire that burned 150 acres of brush. The same firemen and emergency volunteers whom the Fountain people had previously helped with firefighting now converged on the canyon, tasked with the grim duties of dousing the flames, aiding the wounded, comforting the terrified survivors, and recovering pieces of the shattered corpses.

The bombing made the cover of the Los Angeles Times.

 For weeks afterwards, rumors persisted that another victim’s corpse had been misidentified as Krishna’s, and that the guru had escaped the blast, and was hiding in the hills, waiting to return to lead his flock. But the Box Canyon Messiah neither returned to the Fountain, nor rose from the dead in emulation of the Christ he claimed to be. The Brothers and Sisters of the Fountain laid their leader to rest in North Hollywood’s Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery, and returned to their work as a spiritual community.

Since Krishna had been absent so often from the settlements, his followers were used to running the Fountain without him. But without his leadership, or his flair for publicity, the Fountain spent the next two decades slowly fading into obscurity, and then oblivion. By the mid-1970s, both the Box Canyon and Homer settlements had been abandoned, and the Brothers and Sisters had moved on to new lives.

Three Fountain members who escaped Box Canyon’s gelignite Gotterdammerung weren’t so lucky when they hooked up years later with another self-proclaimed Savior. Perhaps seeking to rekindle the sense of community and purpose they had with Krishna Venta, Erma Winfrey, a septuagenarian cook, and David and Gladys Smith, a married couple, followed the Reverend Jim Jones down to Guyana, and then perished along with over 900 other Peoples Temple members in the grisly mass suicide of November 1978. Tragically, the Smiths’ five children also died during Jonestown’s “White Night”.

Today, virtually the only trace of Krishna’s spiritual influence that still exists is in the so-called Earth’s Order of Melchizedek (EOOM). EOOM is an obscure sect founded in 1972 by Matia Lorion Melchizedek, a Fountain member who attempted to take over the Box Canyon settlement in the wake of Krishna’s death. Although Matia himself passed on several years ago, the group seems to still exist – at least in cyberspace – and promulgates Krishna’s teachings about the Melchizedek Order, along with study of the Urantia Book and other esoteric writings.

The WKFL compound as it appears today. Note the surviving inscribed gate.

 As for the Box Canyon property, it recently hosted yet another claimant to the Melchizedek Heritage: the “Dominion of Melchizedek”, a curious entity that has claimed to be at once a sovereign nation and a religious order, and has been continually accused of running international financial scams and citizenship frauds. Years earlier, the land was occupied for a time by American Indian Movement radicals, two of whom were put on trial for murdering a cab driver (they were eventually acquitted).

But the most famous Fountain resident of all was, like Krishna himself, a long-haired, bearded ex-con, who spent three days at the compound in 1968 with a handful of his own acolytes. His name was Charles Manson, and he would write himself into California-cult history in far bigger and bolder letters than Krishna and his devotees ever did.

Sources/Links

My Search for Krishna Venta (Blog by KV/WKFL researcher Shawn Sutherland)

WKFL Fountain of the World Official Website (Maintained by author Jon Layne Fisher, who grew up on the Box Canyon compound and survived the 1958 bombing)
Earth's Order of Melchizedek (EOOM) (Spiritual claimant to Krishna Venta's legacy)

Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions -- Eighth Edition. Detroit: Gale, 2008.
Mathison, Richard. Faiths, Cults, and Sects of America. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1960

The Esoteric Fraternity

Esoteric Fraternity founder Hiram E. Butler

(Note: a much shorter version of this piece was formerly published on examiner.com.)

One of the strangest, yet least-known, 19^th-century California-based sects was the Esoteric Fraternity. Ironically enough, for a sect that group that valued a meditative, peaceful communal life, the Fraternity’s nine-decade lifespan was bookended by two bloody incidents: a grisly industrial mishap, and a brutal unsolved murder. Along the way it helped invent popular astrology, weathered embarrassing sex scandals, and fascinated occult scholars who found sinister implications in its more obscure teachings and doings. 

The Esoteric Fraternity was the creation of Hiram Erastus Butler. A native of Oneida County, New York (home of the Noyes free-love commune), Butler was a Civil War veteran, and a survivor of a postwar sawmill accident that cost him several fingers. Maimed and unable to work, he retreated to the New England woods to live as a hermit, meditating and praying in the wilderness.

After fourteen years of isolation, Butler reappeared in Boston as a self-proclaimed prophet of occult wisdom. During his hermitage, he had studied the teachings of the Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor, a secretive order that initiated its members into the “Western Mystery Tradition” that would later be identified with the hugely-influential Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The Brotherhood’s teachings were largely derived from the work of Pascal Beverly Randolph, the African-American doctor and scholar who headed the Fraternitas Rosae Crucis, America’s oldest Rosicrucian group, and whose writings on the ritual use of sexual energy inspired Aleister Crowley and the Ordo Templi Orientis.

American Rosicrucian leader and sex-magick pioneer
Dr. Paschal Beverly Randolph

Butler made sacred sexuality the core of his own doctrines, but in a very odd manner. Drawing on the karezza practices of the Oneida community, and the ascetic disciplines of historical mystics and yogis, he insisted that to truly achieve higher consciousness, not only orgasm but sexual contact itself in any form, had to be avoided completely. Total celibacy was the key to Enlightenment.

One of his followers explained the doctrine years later. To Butler’s thinking, there was a higher spiritual existence which “is interior to the life that makes the physical man live. A man can become more conscious of and love from that more interior life, which includes meeting and associating with the inhabitants of the Spirit-world….There resides in the substance of procreation, in the seed, a power which, if the seed is retained in the body, will in time cause the soul to awaken to a consciousness of and in the realm of Spirit, the realm where dwell those Intelligences who are the creators of man.”

Taking a page from Theosophy, Butler believed in reincarnation, and maintained that he and his followers were “old souls” who had been reborn into new lives hundreds of times, and were now the chosen “Order of Melchizedek” priesthood first mentioned in Genesis 14:18. Eventually, he said, they would number 144,000 members and bring about the Kingdom of God on earth, but only if they all remained celibate.

In 1887, Butler dubbed himself "Adhy-apaka, the Hellenic Ethnomedon, and founded the "Genii of Nations, Knowledge and Religions" or GNKR, to organize his modest following and promulgate his teachings on sacred celibacy and consciousness. For some reason, this aroused the ire of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, the Grande Dame of Theosophy, who attacked Butler in the Theosophical Journal Lucifer, saying that he was no better than a cheap pseudo-spiritual hustler, and that his group’s initials actually stood for "Gulls Nabbed by Knaves and Rascals." Blavatsky, herself a Brotherhood of Luxor initiate who may have feared Butler was revealing sect secrets in his teachings, even went so far as to accuse him of siring “astral plane children” with female elementals – a sort of spiritualistic Deadbeat Dad. 

Notice for an 1889 Boston lecture by "Prof." Hiram E. Butler (at bottom of bill)

The great occultist may have been onto something. In 1889, the New York Sun and Boston Herald ran stories that claimed Butler and another male GNKR leader had “initiated” women into their inner circle by seducing them. In one instance, according to the Herald, a female initiate was told to wait in a room until “a man of extremely venerable appearance” entered it; after a time of conversation and prayer “she was to give herself up to the spirit.” Butler and his associate were threatened with both civil and criminal actions, but nothing seems to have come of them. Both men fled Boston.

When Butler landed three thousand miles West, in San Francisco, the scandal followed. In late September 1890, a San Francisco paper called him "a professional hypnotizer who was run out of Boston last year," and claimed he possessed "an occult influence over weak-minded young men and women… using his magic powers, under the guise of a species of theosophy, to secure funds with which he promises to build an esoteric college in the Santa Cruz mountains. How well he is succeeding no one knows, but Butler declares he has at least 500 converts in San Francisco."

In truth, Butler probably had no more than a dozen hardcore California followers. About 1891, he changed the group’s name to The Esoteric Fraternity, and gathered about him several close disciples. All single men and women, they pooled their money and possessions, and moved to Applegate, in the heart of what had been Gold Rush country four decades earlier. They bought a 500-acre homestead overlooking the American River, and settled in to build a self-sufficient, coed monastic community.

1909 postcard of The Esoteric Fraternity property. The sect's printing-house is at left-center, next to the windmill.

The Fraternity soon erected an 18-room, four-story house from native timber, filling it with homemade furniture, and painting elaborate mystical pictures and designs on its inside walls. Fields were cleared for farming and grazing, and the sect planted and harvested crops, and tended a small herd of livestock. The group even maintained a kiln, fired with Manzanita bushes, which provided bricks for the settlement’s outbuildings and walls.

But the group’s time and energies were devoted mainly to prayer, meditation, writing and publishing. Butler eventually turned out over 30 books and booklets, with subjects ranging from the esoteric significance of color, to the proper function of the digestive system, to “The Cause of Inharmony in Marriage.”

Early edition of Solar Biology

Butler’s most famous work was Solar Biology. Published in 1887 and still in print today, it advertised itself as “a scientific method of delineating character; diagnosing disease; determining mental, physical and business qualifications, conjugal adaptability, etc., etc., from date of birth.” Solar Biology, according to contemporary scholars, may have been the first modern simplified astrology book. Its pat character delineations, based on the natal positions of the Sun, Moon and planets in the signs of the tropical zodiac were copied by Alan Leo and other better-known and more influential astrologers, and formed the basis for today’s newspaper horoscopes and computer-generated astrological charts.

Although the Esoteric Fraternity’s self-published books were popular on the early-20^th Century American metaphysical scene, the group itself remained small. The enforced celibacy rule guaranteed that the community would birth no new generation of Butlerites. And their physical isolation prevented them from gaining the attention that urban occultists like the Theosophical Society and the I AM Movement enjoyed.  At its peak, the Esoteric Fraternity probably numbered twelve or so members living in the Applegate colony, and a few dozen more associates scattered around the world.

When Hiram Butler died in 1916, leadership fell to Enoch Penn. The editor of the Fraternity’s Esoteric magazine, Penn described the group’s teachings and quasi-Masonic initiatory rites in a 1926 book titled The Order of Melchisedek. The book stressed both the Fraternity’s occult-Christian doctrines, and the importance of total sexual repression to the Initiate, where not only sexual acts but even thoughts had to be sublimated for the Great Work:

In the Second Degree there is not only the effort to overcome the generative impulse and its results in the body, but to learn of and avoid all those sensations, impulses, emotions, thoughts, and relationships that lead up to and cause these impulses…The neophyte must so shut his sympathies from all who belong to generation as to not share in their life-currents and desires.

Occult researcher Marc Demarest, in his piece “Fruit and Seed in Applegate,” believes that the Esoteric Fraternity may have used “celibacy” as a cover-story for Tantric or even orgiastic sexual rites that were performed at higher levels of initiation – a common practice among sex magick-oriented groups. Uncovering the stories about Butler’s scandals in Boston and San Francisco, he also noted that the allegedly-chaste Butler was dodging charges about his group’s “sensational” doings as late as an 1899 lawsuit over the Applegate property.

French UFOlogit Dr. Jacques Vallee, during the time he studied the Esoteric Fraternity.

Another individual who investigated the Esoteric Fraternity’s history was French scientist and UFOlogist Jacques Vallee. Vallee, who studied the political machinations of New Age sects in his book Messengers of Deception, saw the sect’s writings early exemplars of a sort of occult authoritarianism that was tied in with the Melchizedek mythos, and that was spreading throughout the post-Sixties California metaphysical subculture. Vallee cited two passages from The Order of Melchisedek as echoing a particularly ominous concept, well-known to conspiracy theorists: an initiated Elite operating as a behind-the-scenes political power bloc:

The power to overthrow nations cannot be had in its fullness until the neophytes, as sons of God, have gathered together to work together as a unit….

A passage about powers available to such a unit is followed by this prescient remark from the mid-1920s, written in the wake of the Russian Bolshevik revolution and the Italian Fascist coup:

One of these powers operates through what is called “Mob Psychology.” The vast majority of the people are controlled wholly by their feelings, and he who can play on the feelings of the masses can control them.

One can’t accuse the Esoteric Fraternity of thinking small. From reading The Order of Melchisedek, Vallee believed that the aim of the Fraternity was not only to assemble a 144,000-strong Priesthood to dominate the earth, but to merge it with God Himself, becoming the “Body of Elohim” and co-ruling the Universe with Yehova.

But such grandiose plans were far beyond the group’s grasp. By the time Vallee first began gathering notes on the occult-fascist phenomenon, The Esoteric Fraternity’s numbers had dwindled to four aged, isolated men still tending the Applegate property, growing vegetables and sending books and literature to their few customers and correspondents. To the handful of metaphysical researchers and religious scholars aware of their existence, the Fraternity seemed to be almost like living-history re-enactors of late-19^th Century American communalism, and they were paid little notice, save for the occasional human-interest piece in local papers.

One of the last four Fraternity members was murdered in August 1973, in a strange incident that’s never been solved or explained. Matthew Alexander Bosek, a 79-year old Russian immigrant, had been tending the sect’s cucumber patch when someone came up behind him and shot him three times in the head with a .38 pistol. Bosek, a refugee of the Bolshevik revolution who’d lived on the land for over fifty years, was a well-liked man with no known enemies, and the incident both puzzled lawmen and terrified the surviving Fraternity, who posted guards on the property and offered a $10,000 reward for the murderer’s capture.

Despite a thorough investigation by the Placer County Sheriffs’ Department, nobody was ever charged for the killing. The case remains unsolved, although this author was told that the identity of the killer was known by some locals, who lacked evidence or eyewitnesses to present to the law. The pathway leading through the cucumber patch was later named The Assassin’s Trail, in commemoration of the grim event.

Memorial plaque erected by E Clampus Vitus

Today the Esoteric Fraternity exists mainly as a memory. In 2003, the E Clampus Vitus historical-society/men’s-club erected a plaque in Applegate commemorating the group, and took over management of the community grounds. More recently, English astrological scholar Kim Farnell reviewed Hiram Butler’s career in her book Flirting with the Zodiac, and identified him as perhaps the first “pop” astrologer in the modern West. And the Fraternity’s books remain in print through the Kessinger Publishing reprint house.

For a group committed to celibacy, they seem to nonetheless have created lasting, if modest, progeny in the form of books and cultural influence. Perhaps it is time that this unusual sect be given the same recognition for theological creativity as the Shakers or the Eastern ascetic groups – fellow communalists drawn to chastity, inner development and the simple life.

Notes/sources
Demarest, Marc. "Fruit and Seed in Applegate: Some Notes on Hiram Erastus Butler."
Vallee, Jacques. Messengers of Deception. New York: Bantam Books, 1980.
Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions -- Eighth Edition. Detroit: Gale, 2008.
Marinacci, Michael. "Gold Country Cult Prepared Followers for World Domination." examiner.com, 9/2/2011.
Godwin, Joscelyn. The Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor. New York: Red Wheel/Weiser, 2005.

Art Bulla and the Church of Jesus Christ

Art Bulla, Founder and Head of the Church of Jesus Christ

Art Bulla is Mormonism’s Loneliest Prophet.

For over forty years, the Calexico- and Baja-based would-be Patriarch has had a direct line to the Lord Himself, and has busily transcribed hundreds of revelations he’s received from the Most High. Much like Joseph Smith, Bulla has anthologized them into a Holy Book that supplements the canonical Bible of the Christian faith. And much like Brigham Young, he has sought to establish a New Zion in the American West based on the teachings of the Holy Bible and the Book of Mormon, as well as his own revelations and prophecies.

The problem is that hardly anybody seems to be listening to his words, much less heeding his call.

Yet Bulla is far from alone in his mission. He is just one of many self-appointed leaders in the Mormon Fundamentalist subculture – a shadowy underground of the Latter-Day Saints’ church and society that has existed almost from the sect’s earliest days.

Far from being a monolithic movement, Mormonism has been rent by schisms from the beginning. According to researcher Steven L. Shields, at least a dozen Mormon splinter groups existed at the time of Joseph Smith’s death, and currently over 100 churches, sects and cults claim to be the true inheritors of his spiritual vision. They range from the quarter-million strong Community of Christ, which rejected Brigham Young as Smith’s successor and hunkered down to await the Second Coming in Missouri, to lone visionaries and self-declared prophets like Bulla, who compete for a small pool of potential followers dissatisfied with mainstream Mormonism.

Of the schismatic Mormon bodies, the so-called “Fundamentalists” are among the most noteworthy and notorious. These groups reject the 1890 Church Manifesto that banned polygamy among Mormon faithful, even though it had been taught as a revealed truth by Joseph Smith in the faith’s earliest years, and had been practiced officially and openly by Brigham Young and other Church leaders for decades afterwards.

Along with “plural marriage”, Mormon Fundamentalists also adhere to traditional Church teachings later deemphasized or rejected by the mainstream LDS denomination, and tend to live in isolated parts of the American West or Mexico, where they can practice their faith unmolested by the establishment Church or the law. Notable polygamy-practicing Fundamentalist groups have included Utah's low-key Apostolic United Brethren, Texas’ much-beleaguered Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, and Ervil “The Mormon Manson” LeBaron’s murderous Church of the Lamb of God.

Although a by-the-book Fundamentalist, Art Bulla is a desert-dwelling loner with no wives, and his Church of Christ has few (if any) genuine disciples. Bulla himself is both the spiritual and lineal descendant of itinerant religious dissidents, and traces his own ancestry to Irish Quakers who immigrated to Lancaster County, Pennsylvania around 1680, seeking the religious freedom promised by the New World. Later, they relocated to North Carolina, and it was there that future Prophet Artis Brent Bulla was born on August 2, 1948. Years later, Bulla claimed that his father had prayed “that a servant of the Lord should be born unto him,” and that his birth was God’s answer to the petition.

Raised as a Baptist in Greensboro, Bulla attended the University of North Carolina, graduating with a Bachelor’s Degree in Biology in 1969. Shortly thereafter, he enlisted in the U.S. Army.

Bulla was on his way to the Raleigh, N.C. armed-forces induction center when he, like Saul of Tarsus on the Damascus road, was struck down with an overpowering vision of God. Says he:

It seemed that I, Art Bulla, was removed out of my body, or whether in the body or out of it I could not tell, and I beheld his face, and He spake unto me face to face as one man speaks unto another for forty-five minutes or an hour, and whether in the body or out of it, I could not tell, for I beheld his glory, which surpasses all understanding, and spake while in the vision, in a much better tongue than any spoken by man at this time, which I supposed to be the Adamic Tongue…. it seemed that I was transfigured before Him of whom I speak, my God in whom I bear record as others have before me, that He lives, for I too have seen Him. And tongue cannot express his matchless might, glory, power and intelligence, and I shall forever adore his glory, for having once beheld his face and felt of his love and might and power and beheld things which I cannot convey, for there is no language, I must, I MUST obtain his presence, and I shall not be content with anything else, this world or its allurements. And having been ordained unto the Holy Order of God which is after the Order of Melchizedec, even the Holy Apostleship, the keys of which I hold, I bear record of my Father, for I have seen Him and conversed with him, and I testify that He shall return in this the Latter Day….

Unlike Saul, however, Bulla didn’t immediately follow the vision into apostleship. He served faithfully in the Army as a Medical Technologist, and married Cathy Washam, who would eventually bear him five children. Knowing of her husband’s spiritual visions, Cathy introduced him to the Book of Mormon, and while stationed at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, he joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.

Bulla's current calling card

Mormonism was a perfect religious home for Bulla. One of the faith’s central tenets is that God still speaks through His prophets in the Church, beginning with Joseph Smith and continuing through the current Church president, who is also known as the First Prophet. Although one of Smith’s earliest Divine revelations was that “No one shall receive commandments and revelations in this church excepting my servant, Joseph Smith, Jr.”, successive Church leaders and visionaries have nevertheless claimed direct lines of communication with God, and ongoing revelations are an important part of the Mormon spiritual experience. The canonical ones are anthologized in The Doctrine and Covenants, which rivals the Book of Mormon as the sect’s most important text.

An eager convert to Mormonism, Bulla began to evangelize his fellow servicemen. One time, Bulla says, he was preaching to a group of soldiers when a hulking Green Beret sergeant snuck up behind him, intending to mock or prank the evangelist. All of a sudden an angel appeared above Bulla’s head, and then grabbed the sergeant, “hurled him off his feet picking him up effortlessly and setting him on his back on the floor, with great force.” Another time, a First Sergeant was ridiculing Bulla’s testimony when “a voice of thunder proceeded forth as it were from heaven and the ground felt as if it would split open and swallow the asshole whole, for it was the voice of God which spoke with such effortless power and authority that the element would have moved if it had been his will….”

The experiences convinced Bulla that he was indeed under the power of the Holy Spirit, and gifted in prophecy as Joseph Smith had been. Unfortunately, he was only able to attain one disciple during his military service – “Jim”, who would later join the mainstream LDS church and repudiate Bulla.

Released from the Army in 1974, Bulla and his family moved to Provo, Utah, where he attended Brigham Young University. There, Bulla received a revelation that the Mormon Church had committed apostasy when it rejected the so-called “Adam-God Doctrine”. This was Brigham Young’s contention that the First Man had been a Deity who had incarnated on Earth (along with “one of his wives”, Eve), but then lost his divine powers in the Garden, started the human race, died and returned to Heaven as the God of the Earth, and then incarnated once more to become the literal Father of Jesus. The doctrine was later downplayed or reinterpreted by mainstream Mormonism, but it became an article of faith among Mormon Fundamentalists, who felt it, along with polygamy, were two core concepts that defined the faith of the Latter-Day Saints.

Bulla became even more alienated from the Church later that year. Ordained to the Seventy – the Mormon order of priesthood that answered directly to the “stake president,” or regional Church leader – Bulla brought new converts into the Latter-Day Saints, and was even asked to join the Third Quorum of Elders in his stake. One of his converts was a young hitchhiker, whom Bulla picked up and then housed at his home for two weeks. (Like most Mormons, Bulla practiced hospitality to strangers, in accordance with Hebrews 13:2’s words about “entertaining angels unaware.”)   Yet when the young man applied to be baptized into the Church, the local Mormon elders rejected him because of his period-1974 long hair, and his “indigent circumstances.” When Bulla went ahead and baptized the convert himself, local stake authorities stripped the evangelist of his titles, and threw him out of both the local ward (a Mormon parish), and BYU.

Bulla and his family relocated to Salt Lake City, where he attended mechanical-engineering classes at the University of Utah. Although he was allowed to attend a local ward, and was eventually taken back into the priesthood, Bulla soon ran up against political opposition once more.

This time, the issue was the integration of the Mormon Priesthood. The Church had recently decided to admit African-Americans to its clergy after a 140-year ban. Unfortunately, Bulla had just received his first two written revelations from God on the issue, both of which upheld traditional Mormon teachings about how “the black race of Cain” could never comprehend nor preach the spiritual truths of Joseph Smith and Brigham Young. When Bulla revealed this to his superior, the man attacked him, breaking his nose and blackening his eyes. The fight was blamed on Bulla, and when he attended a Church trial to answer for his actions, he packed a 9MM automatic pistol in his briefcase, fully expecting to be martyred in a firefight like Joseph Smith himself.

Nothing so dramatic happened. Instead, he was excommunicated from the LDS Church. Frustrated, Bulla and his family moved back to North Carolina, where he vowed to continue his ministry. By now, the revelations were coming faster, sometimes as often as two or three a week, and Bulla struggled to transcribe them, and to also incorporate them into his vision of a restored Mormon Church.

The Tarheel State was unimpressed by Bulla’s ministry, and he was soon in trouble with the law as well. When he tried to preach to the local Protestant “Charismatics”, he was “mobbed on one occasion by them, and almost killed.” Worse still, when he accused President Jimmy Carter of using the IRS to force the Mormon Church to integrate its priesthood, the Secret Service came to his house and interrogated him. Finally, his family decided he was insane, and tried to have him committed. Although a judge ruled in his favor, Bulla was subsequently charged with other crimes, and fled North Carolina with Sheriff’s deputies hot on his trail.

Although without a family, penniless, jobless, and on the run, Bulla began to believe that he was more than a mere Mormon prophet. Around 1983 he began preaching that he was the so-called “One Mighty and Strong” whose arrival Joseph Smith himself had prophesied over 150 years earlier:

[I]t shall come to pass, that I, the Lord God, will send one mighty and strong, holding the sceptre of power in his hand, clothed with light for a covering, whose mouth shall utter words, eternal words; while his bowels shall be a fountain of truth, to set in order the house of God, and to arrange by lot the inheritances of the Saints, whose names are found, and the names of their fathers, and of their children enrolled in the book of the law of God: while that man, who was called of God and appointed, that putteth forth his hand to steady the ark of God, shall fall by the vivid shaft of lighting….

Smith’s prophecy was later declared canonical, and can be found in Section 85 of the Doctrines and Covenants. Although the modern Church interprets the prophecy as only concerning events in early Mormon history, many contemporary Mormons believe it predicts the coming of a righteous Prophet who will set an apostate Church in order. Since the death of Joseph Smith, dozens of his would-be successors, as well as self-declared church reformers and eccentric Mormon visionaries, have declared themselves the One Mighty and Strong. The title has been particularly popular among Fundamentalist Mormon leaders seeking to return to the days of polygamy, a White-only priesthood, and a “United Order” socioeconomic system that operated wholly apart from Gentile society.

As the self-proclaimed One Mighty and Strong, Bulla believed that he “held the Keys of the Kingdom of God”, and that he was the head of the true Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, rather than the apostate body currently headquartered in Salt Lake City. Bulla dubbed his ministry “The Church of Jesus Christ,” and traveled to Utah to preach to establishment-Mormonism’s lost sheep.

For over ten years, Bulla preached his revelations and asserted his spiritual authority across the Beehive State. During much of this time, he lived in a tent in the mountains, testifying to a largely-uncaring Utah populace long accustomed to self-proclaimed redeemers of Zion. For a while, he ran a small book store in Provo, where he sold The Revelations of Jesus Christ, his self-published anthology of teachings and divine prophecies.

Foreword of The Revelations of Jesus Christ

The Revelations of Jesus Christ opens with passages from the Holy Bible, the Book of Mormon, the Doctrines and Covenants, as well as scattered writings of historical Mormon figures that Bulla interprets as supporting his claims. It then reprints scores of revelations received by Bulla from God Himself, all delivered in the lyrical Jacobean English of the King James Bible and the Book of Mormon, concerning His teachings and how to interpret and apply them. Many are addressed specifically to individuals Bulla knew. Others deal with the historical doctrines of Mormonism, and how far the current LDS Church has strayed from them.

A few sample section titles give the general flavor of the revelations that Bulla received during this period:

SECTION 3. REVELATION on life after death. Future state and progression of souls of all men and women delineated. Pre-existance [sic] of spiritual bodies. War fought in this state among spirits. Rebellious spirits cast out. Memory blotted out concerning events….

SECTION 10. REVELATION received May 6, 1982 on the association of man and woman after death. Marriage, under certain conditions, to continue forever. Sexual union denied in the resurrection to the majority of men and women because of disobedience and rebellion….

SECTION 13. Prophecy concerning the destruction of the descendants of Ham (the Negro) upon this the American continent by racial conflict. Warned to flee to land of fathers. Boundaries and habitations of men determined before foundation of the world….

Bulla was also a regular on Utah’s radio talk-shows, calling in to promote his teachings and rebuke the established Mormon Church and its leaders. On one program, Bulla heard a man named Richard Lewis say that he considered himself a Mormon Fundamentalist, and that he was fascinated by Smith’s prophecy of the One Mighty and Strong. Bulla called the station and passed on his contact info to the host. They set up a meeting, and when Lewis met Bulla in person, he was convinced the 40-year old itinerant preacher was “God’s Anointed Servant”. Shortly thereafter Bulla baptized Lewis in Provo Canyon, passed on the “Melchizedek Priesthood” to him, and appointed him as an Apostle. Lewis and Bulla teamed up, and eventually gathered a small group of faithful followers.

Unfortunately, interpersonal strife once again bedeviled Bulla’s ministry. Lewis and Bulla had a falling out, and the little flock scattered, leaving the prophet once again alone in the Utah wilderness. Years later, his erstwhile apostle ended up as a guest of the State of Utah; while behind bars, Lewis reconciled with Bulla, had his apostleship restored, and penned a book, Zion Redeemed, that defended the Bullaite Church of Jesus Christ doctrines. Shortly after it was self-published, Lewis died in prison of cancer.

Bulla in his controversial appearance in THE GOD-MAKERS II. 

 Bulla’s biggest publicity splash of the time was somewhat ironic.  The 1993 anti-Mormon documentary movie The God-Makers II featured an interview with the would-be patriarch, and billed him as “Art, Polygamist, Mormon Fundamentalist Prophet and Leader”. The interview took place in front of LDS headquarters in Salt Lake City, which critics maintained was a cheap attempt by the filmmakers to associate Bulla with mainstream Mormonism. Not surprisingly, neither the film’s mostly-Fundamentalist Christian audience nor its LDS-Church critics deserted their respective denominations to join Bulla.

Like the other spiritual mavericks and misfits covered in this volume, Bulla eventually landed in California. He spent some time in San Francisco and San Diego, but finally established his Church in Calexico, an Imperial County border town where its current physical address – a mail drop – is located.

Bulla himself settled in San Felipe, Mexico, over 100 miles south of the American border. Mexico had long been a place of refuge for Mormon Fundamentalists, who established polygamous settlements in remote villages, as well as safe houses for faithful Americans on the run from Church authorities and Yankee lawmen. The Mormon exiles saw their mestizo hosts as Lamanites – descendants of an ancient Hebrew tribe that had immigrated to the New World and populated its lands – and actively ministered to them, often winning converts to their faith. For their part, the Mexican authorities generally left the industrious and otherwise law-abiding settlers and their polygamous communities alone.

With neither a brace of wives nor faithful followers in his tow, Bulla contented himself with a simple mobile-home by the Sea of Cortez. There, he continued to receive revelations, and worked on the theology that would guide his Church of Jesus Christ into the Third Millennium. A veteran’s pension, and the occasional donation, covered his living expenses in the sunny Mexican resort town.

As the Year 2000 arrived, Bulla, like virtually every other living religious visionary, took his ministry onto the Internet, where he competed for attention with countless other would-be electronic-prophets. Bulla updated and expanded The Revelations of Jesus Christ, and converted it into .pdf format so that anyone with Web access could download the two-volume work for free. He also uploaded a three-volume anthology of his talks and teachings, The Lectures on Truth, as well as three other self-published tomes, onto a Web site, artbulla.com. And he did battle with mainstream Mormons, orthodox Christians, and atheists alike on both message boards and YouTube, defending his doctrines in front of a small but vociferous virtual audience of critics and trolls.

Bulla on a YouTube video

Yet despite his long hours logged online, and the densely-worded and heavily-footnoted writings that strained his Web site’s capacity, Bulla still had few followers, virtual or otherwise. He lacked the alpha-male leadership qualities of infamous Fundamentalist figures like fellow Mexican-exile Ervil LeBaron or FLDS Patriarch Warren Jeffs, and although he avoided their fates as prison-lifers, he also never maintained multi-generational polygamous tribes, nor made his name synonymous with Mormon Fundamentalism, as they had. Bulla, who had stopped cutting his hair or beard in the manner of the Biblical Nazirites, was much more of a Prophet than a Patriarch, and far more credible as a wild-haired desert visionary than as a suit-and-tie-clad community-leader.

At this writing, Bulla’s hardcore following consists of one San Diego-based apostle who assists him with an Internet-based radio program. Several times a week, the prophet holds forth on www.blogtalkradio.com, discussing subjects ranging from traditional Mormon theology, to his feuds with various LDS Church authorities and apologists, to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross’ theories about out-of-body experiences and life after death. Bulla told the author that he has “many listeners”, but that because they “are afraid of exposing themselves to persecution from the Church and family,” they remain at a distance, unable to help the prophet form the polygamous Mormon-fundamentalist community that would properly apply his revelations and teachings.

Although the most obvious Biblical parallel to the hirsute, ascetic and outspoken Bulla would be John the Baptist, he also invites comparison to Moses. Like the Lawgiver, Bulla has received the direct commands of God to His chosen people, only to wander for forty years in the spiritual desert that is modern America, his followers being not a tribe of escaped slaves, but widely-scattered dissident Mormons and seekers of truth. Bulla nevertheless presses on, his lonely mission spurred by his vision of a Promised Land where he is a prophet with honor to Mormons and Gentiles alike.

Notes/Sources

www.artbulla.com (Bulla's personal site, with PDF and Kindle-friendly downloads of his books, extensive writings, and links to his other online presences)

Divergent Paths of the Restoration, by Steven L. Shields (Las Vegas, NV: Herald House, 2001)

 Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions - Eighth Edition (Detroit: Gale, 2009)